There are several types of medications accessible for diabetes mellitus, each with its action and side effects mechanism. The most suitable drug should be chosen by a physician to assess the patient's condition.
All these drugs are prescribed and should be taken accurately under medical surveillance, with the right dose and the appropriate schedules. For more information about the diabetes drugs list, you can read this article.
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You must, at all times, follow your doctor's instructions. Never self-medicate. Anti-diabetic drugs can be classified into two categories:
A. Oral Antidiabetic:
This includes the following categories:
1. Insulin secretagogues: sulfonylureas and non-sulfonylureas (Glinides/meglitinide)
2. Biguanide
3. Thiazolidinediones
4. Inhibitors-glucosidase
5. Di-peptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) gliptins/inhibitors
6. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2 inhibitors)
B. injectable antidiabetic drugs:
1. Insulin preparations
2. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1 agonists)
According to a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, a level of the system is used to prescribe drugs according to how approved (tested) the drug is. The level is divided into stages depending on the stage of diabetes and how patients respond to lifestyle changes and medications.
Level 1: This includes the most established, most efficient, and most economical therapeutic approaches to manage blood sugar. This is also the most adopted strategy for patients with type 2 diabetes.
Level 2: These are less proven therapies and are only used in special circumstances. These drugs can have more serious side effects and therefore are not usually prescribed.